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Prayer to the Lares

the Lares
Lares, gods of my fathers, preserve me! While young and still nursing, you guided me when I played at your feet. Let none profane your antique images: rough-hewn wooden statues set upon altars of upturned sod then dwelled among our grandfathers. In those days humble reverence provided you with sweet honey alone, you stayed in meager shrines made of twigs, in tattered robes the gods were pleased with offerings of grapes and wreathes of wheat set upon carved heads. Lares, turn away from us those who scheme against us with their bronze weapons.
Commentarius · Commentary

Tibullus asks the Lares of his fathers for protection in a war he does not want to go to. His argument is biographical: "you fed me too, when I ran as a little boy before your feet".

This is the central move of Roman household religion: the god is obliged not by sacrifices but by length of shared residence. The Lares stood in this house in the grandfather's day, raised the grandson, and are therefore answerable for him as kin are.

Neu pudeat prisco vos esse e stipite factos — "do not be ashamed that you are made from an old stump". The poet apologises to the gods for their own cheapness and at once turns it into praise: "they kept faith better then, when a wooden god stood in a cramped shrine". The poverty of the rite is offered as evidence of its authenticity.

Then a picture of what that looked like: a cluster of grapes, a wreath of corn-ears on the wooden idol's hair, a cake from a man whose vow was granted, and his small daughter behind him with clean honeycomb. Religion is described through who carries what, and the whole family takes part, the child included.

Fons · Source
AuthorTibullus
WorkElegiae
Section1.10.15-25
Period1st c. BC
Classificatio · Taxonomy
CultureRoman
Formpersonal
Deitiesthe Lares
FunctionsPetition · Protection · Praise
SphereFamily · Personal