Antiquae PrecesAntiquae Preces
ENRU
Home/Catalog/Greek/Second Hymn to Telesphorus
ritual · Greek

Second Hymn to Telesphorus

Telesphorus · Asclepius
Hail then to me, O healer, O greatly honoured one, play, Telesphoros, play, hail — and you with your glad laughter pour brightness over the faces of your priests; we hymn you, blessed one, light-bringer to mortals, giver of good things, foundation of Paian, Telesphoros, famed and knowing; and the Epidaurians, in the choir's songs that ward off harm, sing you rejoicing, lord, and call you Akesis, because you bring mortals the cure of hateful pains; but the sons of Kekrops sing Telesphoros — since for the land you thrust the sickness away and brought them to a wheat-bearing fulfilment, swiftly making, O daimon, a grief-banishing fruitfulness; yet not for this alone, Telesphoros, do we sing you, but because also, by the healings of unshorn Paian, the life-bearing […] — hail, blessed one: Bakchos himself.
Commentarius · Commentary

The second and last hymn of the same Athenian stele — hexameters instead of anapaests, and an entirely different tone. The first hymn asks; this one praises and explains.

It opens with a child: "play, Telesphoros, play". The god here literally plays, and his laughter brightens the faces of his priests — a rare image in ancient prayer, where a god is allowed to be a cheerful boy rather than a power.

Then comes an argument about precedence which the hymn conducts without admitting that it is conducting one. Epidauros, the old centre of Asklepios' cult, calls this god Akesis, "Cure"; the Athenians call him Telesphoros. The hymn accepts both names and so makes a second-century newcomer an original member of Asklepios' circle after the fact.

And at once the name is explained, twice over. Telesphoros means "bringer of fulfilment", telos; hence "brought them to a wheat-bearing fulfilment", that is, carried the year through to harvest. Then a second etymology, by way of zoophoron, "life-bearing" — and it is precisely there that the stone breaks off.

The hymn's last word is Bakchos. The connection is surprising only at first: at Athens Asklepios had long stood close to the Eleusinian circle, and "life-bearing" leads to wine of its own accord. What stood in the gap is unknown: lines 41-42 are left unrestored by both IG and AIO. Kaibel proposed "Bakchos himself [raised] you, life-bearer", Furley and Bremer "created life-bearing [wine]"; both are marked as guesses.

Fons · Source
AuthorAnonymous (inscription from Athens)
WorkInscriptiones Graecae II³ 4, 939
Sectionll. 30-42
Period2nd-3rd c. AD
Classificatio · Taxonomy
CultureGreek
Formritual
FunctionsPraise · Invocation
SphereHealing